Gregor+Mendel

Louis Aggasiz Evolution of Evolutionary Thought Time Line home Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)

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Gregor Mendel was a German scientist and monk who first taught natural science. He then continued his career with studying meteorology and the various theories of evolution, aside from his studying of plants, or botany. He was fascinated by the way how plants had specific characteristics and conducted many tests on pea plants, trying to observe the effects they would have on the plant's hybridization (mixing of chemicals to create a new plant product, or a hybrid.) ([])

Born in Heinzendorf, Austria in 1822, Mendel always had a profound interest in natural science and was at one point a Catholic monk who taught the subject to other people in his monastery. Later, Mendel proceeded to conduct experiments on different plants, mainly the pea plant, trying to enact Lamark's theories of how the surrounding environment affected the growth rate and traits of plants. By comparing the different growth rates of specific plants, Mendel discovered that it wasn't the environment that affected the rate of growth at all, but rather the heredity of the plant. ([])



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It was after conducting these experiments for seven years, and growing a total of 10,000 pea plants, Gregor Mendel discovered the Laws of Heredity, which stated that an organism's inheritance of genes contributes to rate of growth. He also established the fact that for each organism, genes accompany each other in pairs, each from the specific "parents". In 1865, he published Experiments on Plant Hybernization, which described his experimental findings and was at first critisized upon its publication, which included other scientists qestioning the validity of Mendel's experimental procedure. It wasn't until after his death in 1884 that his book and life's research was highly reconized and respected for it's significance. ([])

A segment of the original text from Mendel's work. []

Gregor Mendel's many plant experimentations are significant not only because of his discovery and proof of the Laws of Heredity, but also because it proved that all organizms inherit specific gene structures from the biological parents. This whole experimentation is important when connecting to the subject of evolution because of heredity. ([]) This image demonstrates Mendel's work, and the concept of heredity. Each test was done in the form of descending "generations". []

Gregor Mendel's purpose throughout his studies was to trace and interpret traits. He also studied the way traits are inherited along the line of an organisms' species. Through his findings, he proved that organisms not only pass on traits but that organism's heredity is a big part of evolution. With heredity comes evolution because the traits are being passed from one generation to the next. The more diverse the traits are passed through generations, the more the generation will evolve. His purpose was simple; to further the study of evolution. Without Mendel's discoveries, there would have been a major gap in the way things evolve. There would have been no real idea of heredity and that traits were passed on through species through time. ([]).

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